{"id":3967,"date":"2013-02-25T14:26:36","date_gmt":"2013-02-25T06:26:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/inhaoxu.com\/blog\/?p=3967"},"modified":"2013-02-25T14:41:10","modified_gmt":"2013-02-25T06:41:10","slug":"winner%e6%af%94loser%e8%b5%a2%e5%9c%a8%e5%93%aa%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inhaoxu.com\/blog\/?p=3967","title":{"rendered":"winner\u6bd4loser\u8d62\u5728\u54ea\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Carol Dweck \u975e\u5e38\u75f4\u8ff7\u4e8e\u5bf9\u201c\u5931\u8d25\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u597d\u50cf\u751f\u6765\u5c31\u662f winner\uff0c\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u90fd\u5f88\u987a\u5229\u90fd\u5f88\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5219\u4e00\u76f4\u5f88\u65e0\u52a9\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u8fd9\u8f88\u5b50\u6ce8\u5b9a\u662f\u4e2a loser\u3002 Dweck \u4e5f\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5979\u8fd8\u4e0b\u5b9a\u51b3\u5fc3\u8981\u627e\u5230\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5979\u5f00\u59cb\u89c2\u5bdf\u5c0f\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u4f01\u56fe\u4ece\u4e24\u7ec4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

1978 \u5e74\uff0cDweck \u8ddf Carol Diener \u4e00\u8d77\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5979\u7ed9\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u96be\u5ea6\u7684\u667a\u529b\u62fc\u56fe\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u89e3\u9898\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e0\u52a9\u7684\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u4fbf\u5f00\u59cb\u8d23\u5907\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf4\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u8ff7\u60d1\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u5219\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u8fa9\u89e3\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u7684\u8bb0\u6027\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0d\u597d\u3002\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u667a\u529b\u62fc\u56fe\u8fd8\u662f\u88ab\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u629b\u7ed9\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8d8a\u53d8\u8d8a\u96be\u3002\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u4e00\u70b9\u4e5f\u4e0d\u597d\u73a9\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u6709\u4e9b\u5b69\u5b50\u53eb\u56b7\u9053\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6297\u8bae\u6ca1\u7528\uff0cDweck \u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u629b\u51fa\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b69\u5b50\u7ec8\u4e8e\u53d7\u4e0d\u4e86\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u575a\u6301\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba8\u8bba\u8d77\u522b\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u60f3\u501f\u6b64\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u4ece\u521a\u624d\u731b\u70c8\u7684\u667a\u529b\u62fc\u56fe\u8f70\u70b8\u4e2d\u89e3\u6551\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5468\u672b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u624d\u827a\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u626e\u6f14\u79c0\u5170\u9093\u6ce2\u513f\u3002\u201d\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5973\u5b69\u8bf4\u9053\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0cDweck \u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u80af\u7f62\u624b\uff0c\u5979\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u629b\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u96be\u7684\u9898\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u731c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b69\u5b50\u5f00\u59cb\u72af\u50bb\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u597d\u50cf\u81ea\u5df1\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u52aa\u529b\u7b54\u9898\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f01\u56fe\u63a9\u76d6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7537\u5b69\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u591a\u6b21\u544a\u77e5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u2014\u2014\u68d5\u8272\uff0c\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u8fd8\u603b\u662f\u8981\u9009\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5634\u91cc\u8fd8\u632f\u632f\u6709\u8bcd\uff1a\u201c\u5de7\u514b\u529b\u86cb\u7cd5\uff0c\u5de7\u514b\u529b\u86cb\u7cd5\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee4\u4eba\u5403\u60ca\u3002\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u66fe\u7ecf\u8bd5\u8fc7\u8ddf\u4e00\u7fa4\u5c0f\u5b69\u73a9\u8fc7\u4e00\u5c40\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u770b\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4eec\u505a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u50bb\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u6709\u8fc7\u4e4b\u800c\u65e0\u4e0d\u53ca\uff08\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u62fc\u56fe\u6254\u5230\u5730\u4e0a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u8ba9 Dweck \u9707\u60ca\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5e76\u7531\u6b64\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u5979\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u540e\u6765\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u699c\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u699c\u6837\u5728\u4f60\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u523b\u4e3a\u4f60\u6307\u660e\u4e86\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u201d\u201c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b69\u5b50\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u7684\u699c\u6837\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u663e\u7136\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fde\u6211\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4e0b\u5b9a\u51b3\u5fc3\u8981\u5f04\u660e\u767d\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

Dweck \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\u5462\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5f88\u591a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5047\u5982 Dweck \u81ea\u5df1\u78b0\u5230\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u5979\u4f1a\u5b66\u7740\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6cae\u4e27\u548c\u6124\u6012\u9690\u85cf\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u793c\u8c8c\u5730\u7b54\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u592a\u786e\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd8\u8981\u73a9\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u201d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u7ffb\u8138\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4eba\u3002\u5979\u4ee5\u4e3a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4f1a\u8ddf\u5979\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u4e00\u6837\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u5904\u7406\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u5b83\u6253\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8ddf\u5979\u60f3\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u53d7\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u975e\u5e38\u559c\u6b22\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5f53\u667a\u529b\u62fc\u56fe\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f00\u59cb\u8d23\u96be\u81ea\u5df1\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u8214\u8214\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5634\u5507\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8bf4\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u63a5\u53d7\u6311\u6218\u3002\u201d\u201c\u9898\u76ee\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u96be\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u8d8a\u52aa\u529b\u5730\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5f53\u9898\u76ee\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u96be\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u62b1\u6028\u6e38\u620f\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u597d\u73a9\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u5730\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u4f1a\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u975e\u5e38\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5dee\u4e00\u70b9\u70b9\u6211\u5c31\u80fd\u505a\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u6216\u8005\u201c\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u6210\u529f\u505a\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u6210\u529f\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u201d\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u5f53\u4ed6\u88ab\u7ed9\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u975e\u5e38\u96be\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u89e3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u9898\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u62ac\u8d77\u5934\u770b\u770b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8005\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8bf4\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u60f3\u7740\u4f60\u80fd\u7ed9\u6211\u70b9\u7ebf\u7d22\u5462\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u5462?<\/p>\n

Dweck \u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5728\u4e8e
\n\u601d\u7ef4\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>
\n\u3002Dweck \u5148\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u7d20\u8d28\u662f\u4e00\u6210\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u8981\u4e48\u806a\u660e\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5c31\u4e0d\u806a\u660e\u3002\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u4f60\u4e0d\u806a\u660e\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5f53\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e0\u52a9\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u5f00\u59cb\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u5931\u8d25\u521a\u597d\u63d0\u9192\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f31\u7206\u4e86\uff08\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u5c31\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bb0\u6027\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u4e0d\u597d\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6e38\u620f\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u597d\u73a9\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u8c01\u4f1a\u613f\u610f\u88ab\u65f6\u65f6\u63d0\u9192\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a loser \u5462\uff1f\u4e5f\u96be\u602a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u8f6c\u79fb\u8bdd\u9898\u3002Dweck \u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u4e00\u6210\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u6574\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4e3a\u4e86\u8003\u5bdf\u4f60\u80fd\u529b\u6240\u5728\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a
\n\u201c\u56fa\u5b9a\u578b\u601d\u7ef4\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d\uff08\u201cfixed mindset\u201d\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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\n\u201c\u6210\u957f\u578b\u601d\u7ef4\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d\uff08\u201cgrowth mindset.\u201d\uff09\u3002<\/strong>
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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Carol Dweck \u975e\u5e38\u75f4\u8ff7\u4e8e\u5bf9\u201c\u5931… more →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inhaoxu.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3967"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inhaoxu.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inhaoxu.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inhaoxu.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inhaoxu.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3967"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inhaoxu.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3967\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inhaoxu.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3967"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inhaoxu.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3967"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inhaoxu.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3967"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}